First record of Pachycrocuta brevirostris (Gervais, 1850) from Ukraine on the background of the European occurrence of the species

Abstract Cranial material of Pachycrocuta brevirostris from the late Early Pleistocene site Nogaisk is first record this species in Ukraine. This large hyena was a representative Tamanian faunal complex and single specialised scavenger these faunas. The revisited European records list P . documented presence 101 sites, dated range 3.5–0.4 Ma. disappeared Africa, survived Europe until ca. 0.8–0.7 Ma, its last, relict occurrence known south-eastern Asia. main reason extinction probably competition with Crocuta crocuta cave smaller, but teeth were proportionally larger to body size, better adapted crushing bones slicing meat, could also hunt united groups.